Genus: Gymnodinium
The greatest fish kills are caused by the dinoflagellates Gymnodinium and Gonyaulax. They produce a toxin which acts on the CNS of animals, causing death. Red-tide outbreaks coincide with high concentrations of nutrients, especially iron and high temperatures.
Genus: Peridinium Peridinium is another example of a dino-flagellate. Cells may be present as motile plankton or thick-walled non-motile cysts usually found in bottom sediments.
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